Author(s): Anju Kushwaha, Rashi Kushwaha, Pinki Singh and Shreya Mishra

Abstract:
Dyes may be defined as substances that, when applied to a substrate provides color. Dyes are classified according to their application and chemical structure, and are composed of a group of atoms known as chromophores. The most common auxochromes are amine, carboxyl, sulfonate and hydroxyl. Interestingly, the widespread use of synthetic colorants and the modern dye industry dates only to 1856 with the synthesis of mauveine by W.H. Perkin. The existence of Sulphur, naphthol, dyes from vats, nitrates, acetic acid, soaps, enzymes, compounds containing chromium, and copper, arsenic, lead, cadmium, mercury, nickel, and cobalt are examples of heavy metals. The textile effluent is extremely harmful due to a number of auxiliary chemicals used jointly. These organic substances combine with various disinfectants, particularly chlorine and form undesired by products (DBPs), which are frequently carcinogenic. If this effluent is allowed to flow through the fields, it plugs the soil pores and reduces soil production. An overview of impact of dyes on human health and the environment is provided in this paper.