Author(s): Kanwar V, Sood P and Gurupdesh Kaur

Abstract:
This study investigates gender differences in mental health, peer support needs, and perceived problems among rural adolescents in India. A sample of 200 students (100 boys and 100 girls) from rural government schools was assessed using the Mental Health Battery, Peer Support Need Checklist, and Beck Youth Inventory. Findings revealed notable gender differences across multiple dimensions of mental health. Girls showed higher levels of emotional instability and poor overall adjustment, with significant differences in emotional stability and adjustment levels compared to boys. Boys demonstrated greater autonomy and self-concept, while girls reported more insecurity. Despite similar levels of intelligence, girls perceived a greater need for peer support across educational, emotional, and social domains. Although both genders mostly did not perceive problems like anger or disruptive behavior, girls reported higher scores in anxiety, depression, and anger. These results indicate that rural adolescent girls may be more vulnerable to emotional and psychological challenges than boys, possibly due to sociocultural expectations and restricted autonomy. The findings underscore the importance of gender-sensitive mental health interventions and peer support systems in rural educational settings to promote adolescent well-being and development.