Gestational diabetes mellitus is a condition characterized by glucose intolerance first recognized during pregnancy, which affects both the mother and the fetus. GDM's pathophysiology involves a complex interaction between hormonal changes in pregnancy and the increased effect of insulin resistance driven by hormones produced by the placenta on the pre-existing inability to compensate with enough insulin production. This leads to hyperglycemia, with subsequent risks of macrosomia, preterm delivery, and metabolic disorders in the mother as well as the fetus in the long term. Nutritional management is at the center stage of GDM management, involving balanced macronutrient intake, glycaemiccontrol, and prevention of excessive weight gain. The strategies for management are based on a detailed diet plan of low glycemic index foods, restricted carbohydrate intake, and patterns of regular meals. Nutritional interventions, combined with physical activity and pharmacological treatment as necessary, significantly reduce adverse outcomes. Clinically, GDM mandates close monitoring and postpartum follow-up due to its well-documented association with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This review emphasizes the nutritional management, and clinical implications aimed at optimizing maternal and neonatal outcomes, strategies in nutrition, and clinical care for the management of GDM.